Hamzah Zekriah, Senior Manager, Public Partnership Engagement and CSO Liaison at Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, discussed the organisation's efforts to engage civil society in reaching the unreached and zero-dose children. He acknowledged the limitations of the current engagement model and highlighted initiatives to address them, such as allocating a minimum of 10% of funding to civil society organisations, promoting localisation, and establishing partnerships for community mobilisation.

Nine-year-old Mary Nafula Sambili, a child advocate from Kenya, shared her perspective on the importance of immunisation. She emphasised that every child deserves access to life-saving vaccines, regardless of their background or family's financial situation. Mary called for governments, donors, and CSOs to prioritise funding and ensure that no child is turned away due to a lack of vaccines.

Dr. Michael Bulongo presented a health financing analysis of 10 African countries, highlighting challenges such as low tax revenues, high public debt, and insufficient health spending. The analysis underscored the need for multi-sectoral investments and improved domestic resource mobilisation to ensure the sustainability and ownership of immunisation programmes.